What allows an administrator to manually assign roles that enable non-admin users to install or upgrade all applications in specific instances?

The correct answer is based on the concept of instance-specific deployment user roles, which are designed to give non-admin users the ability to manage application installations and upgrades within specific instances. This capability is essential in environments where multiple instances exist, allowing for tailored control over who can perform these actions without needing to elevate every user to full administrative status.

Instance-specific deployment user roles provide a granular approach to permissions, enabling administrators to assign roles based on the needs of an organization while still maintaining security and oversight. This means that certain users can be empowered to facilitate application management in a controlled manner, thus supporting operational efficiency and reducing the administrative workload.

The other options refer to broader or different types of roles that do not specifically focus on the manual assignment of permissions for installing or upgrading applications in particular instances. Global deployment user roles would apply across all instances, which may not suit scenarios needing instance-specific control. Admin-specific roles primarily grant access to administrative privileges and are not appropriate for non-admin users. Application-level user roles would likely pertain to permissions related to specific applications rather than the overall administration of application installations across instances.